English to Arabic Bus/Financial Finance (general) Finance terminology

The Politics of Chaebol Reform in
Korea: Social Cleavage and New Financial Rules

Chaebol are Korea's vertically integrated industrial conglomerate controlled by a
founding family. While the chaebol have hired an increasing number of professional
managers in recent years, family members continue to dominate the top executive
positions (Kim, 1991: 266-7). As an organisation, the chaebol mirror their Japanese
counterparts, which rely on a complex web of cross-company ownership to maintain
tight managerial control of their group companies (Chang, 2003). In one crucial
aspect, however, the chaebol and keiretsu can be distinguished: ready access to credit
through direct bank ownership, which played a central role in the keiretsu business
strategy and expansion, but not in the case of the chaebol