Be able to write three examples of the logical fallacy of the undistributed middle =

Lihyot mesugalim likhtov 3 dugma'ot shel ha-ta'ut ha-logit shel ha-emtza ha-lo meshutaf.

'Undistributed middle' here refers to a subset that is PARTLY covered by 2 other sets, but is NOT completely 'distributed' across (i.e., common to) the whole of those 2 other sets.

I wish I could draw you here a Venn diagram :-))
I'll try:

---------------
: :
: ----------------
: : : :
: : A : :
: -------------- :
:--------------

Undistributed Middle = A

Definition:
The middle term in the premises of a standard form categorical syllogism never refers to all of the members of the category it describes.

Examples:
i.All Russians were revolutionists, and all anarchists were revolutionist, therefore, all anarchists were Russians.
The middle term is 'revolutionist'. While both Russians and anarchists share the common property of being revolutionist, they may be separate groups of revolutionists, and so we cannot conclude that anarchists are otherwise the same as Russians in any way. Example from Copi and Cohen, 208.
ii.All trespassers are shot, and someone was shot, therefore, someone was a trespasser.
The middle term is 'shot'. While 'someone' and 'trespassers' may share the property of being shot, it doesn't follow that the someone in question was a trespasser; he may have been the victim of a mugging.

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Note added at 2002-06-13 23:39:01 (GMT)
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OK, the Venn diagram didn\'t work.

Perhaps \'Latet 3 dugma\'ot ...\' is better.

More on \'undistributed\':

In \'Some doctors are overworked\', \'some doctors\' are the undistributed members of the class of \'all doctors\'.

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Note added at 2002-06-13 23:43:19 (GMT)
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More links:

http://ethics.acusd.edu/Courses/logic/answers/Exercise 5.3.h...

Nice Venn diagram here:

http://gncurtis.home.texas.net/undismid.html

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Note added at 2002-06-13 23:47:36 (GMT)
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You could say:

ha-emtza ha-lo mufatz (or MAYBE, ha-lo mefulag). I still prefer \'meshutaf\'.

Anyone who has studied formal logic and has come across these fallacies, will know what you are talking about.

Good luck (S.?)