necessity entrepreneur, entrepreneur by necessity

A "necessity entrepreneur"-t általában az "opportunity entrepreneur"-rel állítják szembe.

Példák:
"The study of entrepreneurship is just starting to generate sufficient data to conclude that laid-off workers, also known as necessity entrepreneurs, don't, as a rule, start companies that employ a lot of people. That's the province of so-called opportunity entrepreneurs -- those who choose to start their own business out of a burning desire, not because they lost a job.
Only 2% of necessity entrepreneurs expect their new business to employ 20 or more people within five years, while 14% of opportunity entrepreneurs expect a 20-person payroll within that time period, according to a new study by London Business School and Babson College, Babson Park, Mass. "
http://www.zli.bus.umich.edu/forms/WSJ_5-21-02.doc

Másik példa:
"Opportunity entrepreneurs are more dominant in high-income countries while necessity entrepreneurship is more prevalent in low-income countries."
http://entrepreneurs.about.com/od/research/a/study2004_3.htm

Továbbiak:
# Opportunity Entrepreneurship low
# Necessity entrepreneurship very Low
http://www.entrepreneurship.fiu.edu/downloads/publications/e...

"This article will address such questions in an attempt to better understand youth businesses that are “by necessity” (that is, as strategies for survival) as opposed to “by opportunity.” "
http://www1.worldbank.org/devoutreach/textonly.asp?id=413

"The distinction between people who are voluntarily pursuing an attractive business opportunity (opportunity entrepreneurs) and those who are doing it because they have no other source of income (necessity entrepreneurs) is key to understanding many, although not all, of the national differences. As one might expect, the number of necessity entrepreneurs is smallest in countries with developed welfare systems."
http://cordis.europa.eu/aoi/article.cfm?article=1022