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CHS-Phenomena
The term «negative surge» is sometimes used to describe a pronounced ...
These could be associated with offshore winds and travelling high pressure systems, ...
www.lau.chs-shc.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/english/Phenomena3.shtml

[PDF] HURRICANE AS AN EXTREME METEOROLOGICAL EVENT
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Offshore winds that are associated with a storm can produce a negative surge, as
the. sea level is lowered by the strong winds blowing out from the coast. ...
blue.atmos.colostate.edu/publications/pdf/CB-36.pdf - Ижил нүүрүүд

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Conversely, strong offshore winds and high. barometric pressure can cause unusually
low water ... Similarly, a negative surge would have greater conse- ...
www.vims.edu/adv/pubs/bulletin/vmrb34-2.pdf - Ижил нүүрүүд

CHS-Phenomena
... The term «negative surge» is sometimes used to describe a pronounced non-tidal decrease
in water level. These could be associated with offshore winds and ...
marees.gc.ca/english/Phenomena3.shtml

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Ocean Currents and Climate - [ Diese Seite übersetzen ] Water will pile up in the direction the wind is blowing. Gravity will tend to pull the water down the "hill" or pile of water against the pressure gradient. ... earth.usc.edu/~stott/Catalina/Oceans.html

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UNDER-KEEL ALLOWANCE (RELIANCE ON CHARTS AND PREDICTED TIDES). NEGATIVE SURGE WARNING SERVICE Source: UK Hydrographic Office. Former Notice 15/04 is cancelled. This is a repetition of the former notice. Under-keel Allowance Р reliance on charts and predicted tides 1. Prudent mariners navigate with adequate under-keel clearance at all times, making due allowances for all the factors that are likely to reduce the depth beneath their keels. ... 4. The frequency and amplitude of negative surges, which should also be taken into account, are described in The MarinerХs Handbook and in the introduction to Admiralty Tide Tables. Mariners are warned that they should always ensure adequate under-keel clearance to provide for the possibility of un-warned negative surges and other uncertainties. Negative Surge Warning Service in the southern North Sea, the Thames Estuary and the Dover Strait 1. Since 1973, the Negative Surge Warning Service has operated to forecast appreciable falls in tidal levels due to meteorological effects in the Southern North Sea and Thames Estuary. In 1979, the service was extended to include the Dover Strait. Warnings are issued when it is estimated that tidal levels may be 1 metre (approx. 3 ft.) or more below the astronomically predicted levels. 2. Warnings are normally issued 6 to 12 hours ahead of the event and are given in broad terms, e.g. ТTides expected to be appreciably below predictions in the southern North Sea and Thames Estuary during the afternoonУ, ТTides expected to be appreciably below predictions in the Dover Strait around midnightУ, etc. From 1st January 1994 an indication of the expected maximum reduction in levels has been included in the warnings, e.g. ТMaximum reduction in levels expected to be around one metreУ, ТMaximum reduction in levels expected to be between one and a half and two metresУ etc. 3. Where a risk of levels falling below chart datum is foreseen, suitable comment will be made in the warning. 4. Current forecasting techniques often allow the occurrence of a negative surge to be seen up to about 30 hours ahead. In these cases, an advanced information message may be issued in the form: ТAdvanced information on possible Negative Surge. Forecast conditions are such that a Negative Surge is considered likely to occur...... (Location/time-frame)...... Formal warnings can be expected to follow later.У 5. Negative Surge warnings are transmitted from the Coastguard Stations appropriate to the sea regions concerned i.e. Southern North Sea, Thames Estuary and Dover Strait, Regions HOTEL, INDIA, JULIETT and KILO. Warnings are broadcast on receipt and then at each hour including the routine broadcasts. Routine schedules are described in ALRS Vol. 3, Part 1, where full details of the sea region areas, broadcast times, frequencies and other relevant information will be found. 6. Negative Surge information is also included in the half hourly broadcasts of the Channel Navigation Information Service; for further details see ALRS Vol. 6, Part 1. ++++

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Note added at 1 hr 7 mins (2005-08-19 07:23:16 GMT)
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Storm-surge Enc... Storm surge .. A storm surge is an onshore rush of water associated with a low pressure weather system, typically a tropical cyclone. Storm surge is caused primarily by high winds pushing on the ocean\'s surface. The wind causes the water to pile up higher than the ordinary sea level. Low pressure at the center of a weather system also has a small secondary effect, as can the bathymetry of the body if water. It is this combined effect of low pressure and persistent wind over a shallow water body which is the most common cause of storm surge flooding problems. Hurricane Ivan viewed from the International Space Station, September 2004. ... Bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to topography. ... Storm surges are particularly damaging when they occur at the time of a high tide, combining the effects of the surge and the tide. This increases the difficulty of predicting the magnitude of a storm surge since it requires weather forecasts to be accurate to within a few hours. The tide is the regular rising and falling of the oceans surface caused by changes in gravitational forces external to the Earth. ... The most extreme storm surge events occur as a result of extreme weather systems, such as tropical cyclones, but storm surges can also be produced by less powerful storms. The highest storm surge ever recorded was produced by the 1899 Bathurst Bay Hurricane, which caused a 13 meters (43 feet) storm surge at Bathurst Bay, Australia. In the US, the greatest recorded storm surge was generated by Hurricane Camille, which produced a storm surge exceeded 5 meters along 50 km of the Mississippi Gulf Coastline, with peak surge over 7 meters in the area of Gulfport, Mississippi. (Jelesnianski, 1992). 1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Hurricane Camille in the Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Camille was a Category 5 hurricane that struck the Mississippi Gulf Coast region on the 17th and 18th of August 1969. ... Gulfport is a city located in Harrison County, Mississippi. ... ..

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Note added at 1 hr 8 mins (2005-08-19 07:24:54 GMT)
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http://www.geospatial-online.com/geospatialsolutions/article... the capital city of Charlottetown (see Figure 1) is vulnerable to coastal flooding associated with storm surge events, we selected it as the study area for a mapping project funded by the Climate Change Action Fund of the govern....