See website:
http://www.funsalud.org.mx/red-jlb/cambios junio/premio00.pd...

"The health sector in Colombia remained essentially unchanged from colonial times to the beginning of the twentieth century. It consisted of private practice physicians trained in Europe who treated the elite and practiced curative medicine, of healers
who practiced folk medicine and looked after everybody else, and sanatoriums run by religious communities1. It was not until 1886 when the “Central Board of Hygiene” (Junta Central de Higiene) was created, that the government concerned itself with the health of the population2. In 1914, Congress assigned this Board to the Ministry of Government and charged it with the control of epidemics and
sanitary affairs, including the management of all ports."

I think you should not translate it but give a translation in brackets. Also, it seems that this board had more tasks than purely related to health and, therefore, I would use Hygiene (a very important topic in the last century).