Dutch term (edited): gemengde maaltijdtest

Not sure this is about a glucose tolerance test


It is from this study from Meessen:

In haar onderzoek gebruikte Meessen de zogenoemde maaltijdtest. Deelnemers komen nuchter naar het ziekenhuis en krijgen een vloeibare maaltijd. Voor en na die maaltijd worden via bloedafnames de galzuurconcentraties bepaald. Meessen deed dit bij gezonde vrijwilligers en patiënten met T2DM. Ook onderzocht ze of het toedienen van een galzuur leidde tot veranderingen in de suiker- en vetstofwisseling.

Oorspronkelijk was de gemengde maaltijdtest bedoeld om de insulinesensitiviteit onder redelijk fysiologische omstandigheden te kwantificeren. Dit is namelijk niet het geval met de glucose-klemtechnieken en de orale glucosetolerantietest. Glucose is niet een krachtige stimulans voor het vrijkomen van galzuur, terwijl vet dat wel is. Een vet-challenge, zoals een oraal vet-tolerantietest, is geschikt om postprandiale lipidenresponsen te beoordelen, maar is niet ideaal om postprandiale glucose- en insulineconcentraties te kwantificeren. In een gemengde maaltijdtest kon Meessen de volledige fysiologische entero-endocriene respons, inclusief galzuur-, glucose-, insuline- en lipideconcentraties, bestuderen.

https://www.doq.nl/onderzoek-naar-galzuren-tegen-overgewicht...

Differential Effects of One Meal per Day in the Evening on Metabolic Health and Physical Performance in Lean Individuals

Emma C. E. Meessen et al

Mixed Meal Test
At day 12, mixed meal tests (MMT) were performed in the morning to assess the effects of meal reduction on postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, bile acid and FGF19 responses. After an overnight fast, participants entered the research facility and a cannula was placed into an antecubital vein for blood withdrawal. We used Nutridrink Compact (Nutricia, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands, macronutrient composition: 49% carbohydrates, 35% fat and 16% protein) as liquid mixed meal. Participants consumed 25% of their measured REE. Venous blood was sampled at time point (T) 0 (fasting) and at T30, T60, T90, T120, T150, T180, and T240 min after meal ingestion. Blood samples were collected in EDTA or serum tubes (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmunster, Austria). Serum tubes were kept at room temperature for 30 min. The EDTA tubes were directly stored on ice, centrifuged (10 min; 4°C; 2,500 g) and stored at –80° until laboratory analysis. Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to quantify insulin resistance [calculated as (fasting plasma glucose * fasting plasma insulin)/135)].

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.7719...

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Note added at 1 day 1 hr (2022-02-13 16:56:44 GMT)
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Compare with:

The Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) evaluates how well the beta cells, which are produced in the pancreas and produce insulin, are functioning. It involves drinking a liquid meal replacement containing protein, carbohydrates, and fat, after which blood samples are drawn every 30 minutes for two hours. The samples are sent to a lab for evaluation.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-mixed-meal-toleranc...

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Note added at 1 day 1 hr (2022-02-13 17:43:58 GMT)
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"Voor en na die maaltijd worden via bloedafnames de galzuurconcentraties bepaald."

Postprandial human bile acids

Bile acids, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) play an important role in postprandial metabolism. In this study, we investigated the postprandial bile acid response in plasma and its relation to insulin, GLP-1, and FGF19.
First, we investigated the postprandial response to 40-h fast. Then we administered glycine-conjugated deoxycholic acid (gDCA) with the meal. We performed two separate observational randomized crossover studies on healthy, lean men.
In experiment 1: we tested 4-h mixed meal after an overnight fast and a 40-h fast.
In experiment 2, we tested a 4-h mixed meal test with and without gDCA supplementation.
Both studies measured postprandial glucose, insulin, bile acids, GLP-1, and FGF19.
In experiment 1, 40 h of fasting induced insulin resistance and increased postprandial GLP-1 and FGF19 concentrations.

Mixed meal test
For both experiments, subjects were admitted to the unit after an overnight or 40 hour fast. The liquid test meal (Nutridrink Compact, Nutricia, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands) contained 16% protein, 35% fat and 49% carbohydrates.
Subjects ingested the caloric equivalent of 25% of their estimated daily energy expenditure calculated using the Harris-Benedict equation. The test meal was ingested at time point 0 (t=0).
In both experiments, blood was sampled from a catheter inserted in a forearm vein.
In experiment 1, blood samples were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minutes (min) after meal ingestion and in experiment 2 at -20, -10, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min.

https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/58892085/Chapter_4.pdf