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Integrated nutrient management (INM)
A common feature of many traditional and other farming systems that have sustained populations over several decades and, in some cases centuries, is the continuous use of use of locally available, biological and organic resources to minimize nutrient losses from the system. Plant nutrients are usually removed from the system via harvests of grain, tubers, fruit, and wood and by surface erosion and ***sub-surface leaching***. The literature on INM documents the following key requirements for effective nutrient management and sustainable cropping (Fernandes et al., 1999):