Glossary entry

Russian term or phrase:

профилактический учет

English translation:

criminal watch list

Added to glossary by Olena Mankovska
Aug 8, 2007 23:02
16 yrs ago
6 viewers *
Russian term

профилактический учет

Russian to English Law/Patents Law (general)
Привет! Перевожу справку о несудимости. Так вот там и говорится о том, что это человек "не стоит на профилактических учетах" (в милиции).

Спасибо!

Discussion

SST Aug 9, 2007:
One more try: "He is being under the supervision of a probation officer". The article I've referred to is about 'good behaviour bonds', which was my new direction of thinking.
http://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch16s04s03s05.php
Mark Berelekhis Aug 9, 2007:
Я тоже думал в направлении "preventive supervision", но не нашёл ни одного устоявшегося термина; "preventive supervision" также используется во многих разных сферах помимо криминалистики, и может путать. Поэтому и остановился на "criminal watch list".
Mark Berelekhis Aug 9, 2007:
"Pretrial monitoring" это когда человек уже "попался", и за ним наблюдают до начала trial, а люди стоящие не этом учёте, как я понимаю, совсем не факт что уже попадались и даже могут не знать что они на нём стоят.
SST Aug 9, 2007:
В Австралии есть понятие "offender history check", на основе которого полиция выдает "national police clearance certificate" - он нужен на многих работах. Но если Вы скажете "no offender history records", это не будет соответствовать сути "проф.учета".
Levan Namoradze Aug 9, 2007:
Подозреваю, что практики "профилактических учета" (не имея criminal records при этом) может и не быть на западе. Возможно, в этом случае следовать "сорсу" и написать скажем no pre-criminal probation records.
Olena Mankovska (asker) Aug 9, 2007:
pretrial monitoring vs. сriminal watch list vs. crime prevention database Прежде всего, огромное спасибо за конструктивное обсуждение!
Дорин Корнуэлл, соглашаясь с мнением Джеймса МакВея, упомянула о "pretrial monitoring". Вместе с "сriminal watch list", предложенным Марком, мне эти два варианта кажутся наиболее близкими. Правда, вариант Тани Авраменко такж интересен, особенно с учетом того, что эти документы подлежат подачи в консульство Австралии.
Есть поддреживающие/отклоняющие аргументы в сторону того или иного варианта?

Proposed translations

1 hr
Selected

probation

Ни в коем случае "criminal record". Вот определение:

3) профилактический учет (наблюдение за поведением лица, поставленного на учет, воспитательное воздействие, пресечение антиобщественного поведения, устранение условий, способствующих совершению правонарушений, проведение проверки по месту жительства, работы, учебы

http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:Kq_17E2DX0cJ:il-tumen.sa...

Профилактический учет имеет целью изучение поведения указанных лиц, оказание на них необходимого профилактического воздействия.

http://www.k-press.ru/bh/2002/2/rrevin/rrevin.asp

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Note added at 4 hrs (2007-08-09 03:49:30 GMT)
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Okay, so none of the answers offered so far are correct. It's not any kind of official record of crime, probation, etc.

After digging some more, I've come up with:

"Criminal watch list"

It is a standard term used by the FBI, Homeland Security, etc. The meaning is basically identical to "профилактический учет" -- it is a list of people, who have not yet committed a crime, but for various reasons are deemed "likely" by the authorities to do so. Thus, they are watched more closely than your typical individual.

What do you all think? It seems to be pretty damn close in meaning to the original.
Peer comment(s):

neutral koundelev : Probation is the suspension of a jail sentence - А милицейский профилактический учет относится к мелким правонарушениям, решаемым в досудебном порядке...
2 hrs
Not necessarily, it can be handed out for minor violations as well. but you're right, it's not probation either, after all.
neutral Michael Tovbin : Probation/parole - УДО
15 hrs
Please read above comments.
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "After lengthy and deliberate reflection, "criminal watch list" seemed to be the most appropriate one. It was hard to choose though. Mark, everybody, thanks for your time and efforts! "
+1
21 mins

has no criminal record

http://www.proz.com/kudoz/1108271 в отличие от certificate of no criminal conviction - справка о несудимости

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Note added at 21 mins (2007-08-08 23:24:41 GMT)
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CNCC

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Note added at 22 mins (2007-08-08 23:25:36 GMT)
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или has no criminal history
Peer comment(s):

agree diana bb
2 days 30 mins
Thank you!
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2 hrs

record with Department of Corrections

I know it's a lengthy way to say it, here's what I am basing this on:

www.publicbackgroundcheck.com

Criminal Search

Find a criminal history - Sources include: Department of Corrections (DOC), which reveals felonies convictions that resulted in probation or more than 12 months in prison; Administration Office of the Courts (AOC) and the Department of Public Safety (DPS), which contain misdemeanor convictions from both the superior and municipal court level.

The reason I don't necessarily think it's probation is because probation implies a suspended or shortened criminal sentence. Meanwhile, simply a record with DOC (or absence thereof) could be that a person could have been arrested and "null-processed" - meaning he/she was not convicted but released by the court, while the record of the arrest still exists, and so may "profilakticheskiy uchet" if he/she had to fulfill other requirements (community service, pay a fine, etc.)
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6 hrs

there are [aren't any] records of [NAME] in crime prevention database

Профилактический учет осуществляется >>>>>путем наблюдения за поведением лица, поставленного на учет<<<<, воспитательного воздействия, пресечения антиобщественного поведения, устранения условий, способствующих совершению правонарушений, проведения проверки по месту жительства, работы, учебы.

Я считаю, что нужно подчеркнуть именно "профилактику" и "наблюдение/учет".

-------------

Есть и более сложный вариант:
There are no disclosable outcomes recorded by the police in the crime prevention database against a person with the above details.

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Note added at 6 hrs (2007-08-09 05:07:18 GMT)
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Уточнение: в австралийской полиции, например, применяется выражение "police data bases", а не "database" (т.е. пишут раздельно и во множественном числе).
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+1
8 hrs

no records of a petty misdemeanor

also called “an infraction” - a petty offense, is the violation of an administrative regulation, an ordinance, a municipal code, and, in some jurisdictions, a state or local traffic rule.
“A petty misdemeanor is punishable by up to a maximum fine of $300.00. Because there is no possibility of jail time, a petty misdemeanor is not considered a crime”, pls. refer to the following links:


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Note added at 8 hrs (2007-08-09 08:00:41 GMT)
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http://criminal.findlaw.com/crimes/criminal-overview/infract...
Peer comment(s):

agree koundelev : That's it!
1 hr
THANK YOU GEORGE!
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+1
2 hrs

offense history

http://www.oja.state.ok.us/OJARules/377_10-3-4_Offense_histo...

(a) Offense history is classified as follows:

(1) Class I Delinquent/Youthful Offender. Class I refers to a multiple victim endangering offender. The Class I offender has committed more than one seriously violent, aggressive, or assaultive offense and may have a history of property offenses;

(2) Class II Delinquent/Youthful Offender. Class II refers to a one-time, seriously violent, aggressive, or assaultive offender who may have a history of property offenses;

(3) Class III Delinquent/Youthful Offender. Class III refers to property offenders. The Class III offender has committed multiple, habitual, or chronic property or misdemeanor offenses; or

(4) Class IV Delinquent/Youthful Offender. Class IV offenders have committed:

(A) a single spree of property offenses or misdemeanors;

(B) a single property offense or misdemeanor; or

(C) two property offenses or misdemeaors occurring over a widely spaced period of time.


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Note added at 3 час (2007-08-09 02:51:01 GMT)
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Напомню, что в СССР и РФ мелкие правонарушения учитываются участковым инспектором милиции. Нарушитель "состоит на учете" и может быть "снят с учета" по прошествии некоторого времени, если не совершит очередного правонарушения. Это - досудебная работа милиции. Она называется "профилактическим учетом", и позволяет по документам определить грань, за которой следует передавать материалы в суд. До этого момента с правонарушителем проводят беседы (профилактическая работа). В справке отдельно пишется об отсутствии судимостей и отдельно об отсутствии следов правонарушений досудебного уровня. Так что probation или parole (как следствие судебного решения) здесь неуместны.


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Note added at 9 час (2007-08-09 08:53:25 GMT)
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Олэно, в справке написали "не стоит на профилактических учетах", а грамотно было бы "не СОстоит на профилактическОМ учетЕ". Так что не волнуйтесь. Менты-с...
Note from asker:
George, просьба уточнить, что именно Вы имеете в виду под неточностью в вопросе. Спасибо! Елена.
Peer comment(s):

agree Dmitry Golovin
1 min
Спасибо! Смысл тот же, что и у вас, но уровень бытовой, для участкового инспектора...
neutral Mark Berelekhis : George, ну не может это быть offense. Это же противоречит определению.
24 mins
Марк, для постановки на профилактический учет достаточно совершить мелкое правонарушение. В справку пишется, что "на учете не состоял" (это правильная формулировка, а в вопросе неточность). А в приведенном вами определении - формы работы с такими нарушите
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+3
2 hrs

parole/probation

"Профилактический учет осуществляется путем наблюдения за поведением лица, поставленного на учет, воспитательного воздействия, пресечения антиобщественного поведения, устранения условий, способствующих совершению правонарушений, проведения проверки по месту жительства, работы, учебы." (http://www.gs.rb.ru/MainLeftMenu/ZakonoTvorch/Zakoni/333-200...

However, neither would apply if the person has not been convicted of a crime. If that's the case, you might want to use a more literal translation, such as "preventive accountability."

This sounds similar to "parole," but that translation would only be correct if the person has been serving a jail term and has been released from jail early under certain conditions:

"Before being granted the privilege of parole, the inmate must first agree to abide by the conditions of parole set by the paroling authority. These conditions usually require the parolee to meet regularly with his or her parole officer or community corrections agent, who assesses the behavior and adjustment of the parolee and determines whether the parolee is violating any of his or her terms of release (typically these include being at home during certain hours, maintaining steady employment, not absconding, refraining from illicit drug use and sometimes, abstaining from alcohol)." (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parole)

Another possibility is "probation":

"Probation is the suspension of a jail sentence - the criminal who is "on probation" has been convicted of a crime, but instead of serving jail time, has been found by the Court to be amenable to probation and will be returned to the community for a period in which they will have to abide to certain conditions set forth by the Court under the supervision of a probation officer. General conditions may include maintaining employment, abiding to a curfew, living where directed, abstaining from unlawful behavior, following the probation officer's orders, not absconding, and refraining from contact with other individuals, who may include victims of the original crime (such as a former partner in a domestic violence case), potential victims of similar crimes (such as minors when the crime involves child sexual abuse), potential witnesses, or those who have partnered with the offender in the earlier crime.

"Usually the offender is supervised by a probation officer, to monitor their performance during the probation period." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation

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Note added at 13 hrs (2007-08-09 12:58:15 GMT)
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Hmm. A more neutral term might be "preventive supervision." I don't think it's used in the the U.S., but I found references to it elsewhere, here, for example: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1741-1130...

and here:

http://legislationline.org/legislation.php?tid=160&lid=3060&...

Peer comment(s):

neutral Mark Berelekhis : James, I don't think it can be parole, as that already implies criminal record, while "this appears to be some sort of a preventive action. I've searched for other terms, but none seem to exist. Only probation, which is closest in meaning.
23 mins
agree Dorene Cornwell : First thing that comes to mind: "Is not on probation or parole," that is either suspended sentence or supervision after a sentence. "Pretrial diversion" would address cases that do not go to trial. "Not subject to pretrial monitoring" could be an option.
2 hrs
agree Andrew Anisimov
5 hrs
agree cheeter : very professional approach to finding the target word (comparing the definitions of the source and target terms)
7 hrs
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14 hrs

preventive supervision

I'm taking the unusual step of offering another translation because I think it might be a better match, and because my note in my other answer might get overlooked.
Note from asker:
Thanks, James! Your note, by no means. has been overlooked. I am watching you guys closely, at the same time your every answer, comment and note gives me a hard time making up my mind :) Who said it was gonna be easy, right? :)
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17 hrs

is not a registered offender/is not registered as an offender

you would not normally have to track a person with a clean record. so anyone being tracked like that has a prior criminal history.

Depending on the local requirements, such a person would have to register with the local enforcement authorities.

Like in most US states, a convicted sex offender has to register with the local police.
Peer comment(s):

neutral Mark Berelekhis : Please read through the above discussion. This does not need to be a registered offender, criminal, etc, just someone "considered" likely to offend.
1 hr
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1 day 7 hrs

has no previous convictions

I think "Previous Conviction", судимость in translation, may well be used in the provided context
Example sentence:

If the accused student has no previous conviction, the student may, with the consent of the instructor, avoid prosecution

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