Jan 5, 2005 09:36
19 yrs ago
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French term
United Kingdom
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Native in: English
Works in: Dutch to English, Flemish to English, French to English
Parinaud 5 a 100 cm
French to English
Medical
Medical (general)
The term Parinaud in a sight test - presumably not an eye disease?
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 +6 | eye test chart |
MonikaB
|
| 4 | French ophthalmologist, born May 1, 1844, Bellac, Haute-Vienne; died March 23, 1905, Paris. |
Michel A.
|
Proposed translations
+6
9 mins
Selected
eye test chart
Pour la vision de près, on a recours à des tests de vue à 33 cm (distance de lecture) ; l’échelle la plus utilisée est l’échelle de Parinaud faite de fragments de texte dont les lettres ont une taille de plus en plus petite ; les plus gros sont notés Parinaud 28 – les plus petits Parinaud 2 ou Parinaud 1,5. La lecture se fait à 33 cm et chez le sujet normal, le patient lit Parinaud 2. D’autres échelles peuvent bien sûr être utilisées comme l’échelle de E ou des dessins schématisés ; on peut aussi recourir à l’optotype Jaeger ou à la carte à caractères « TIMES » romains.
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5 mins
French ophthalmologist, born May 1, 1844, Bellac, Haute-Vienne; died March 23, 1905, Paris.
Henri Parinaud
Associated eponyms:
Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
Syndrome of conjunctivitis, retrotarsal conjunctival granulations, regional preauricular and cervical lymphadenitis, and fever.
Parinaud-Koerber-Salus-Elschnig syndrome
This dorsal midbrain syndrome is a supranuclear palsy of vertical conjugate movement, most often upwards, caused by lesions of the aqueduct of Sylvius.
Biography:
Henri Parinaud was the son of a locksmith. He commenced his studies of medicine at Limoges, and came to Paris in 1869. His studies were interrupted by the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war, when he worked with the Red Cross ambulances at Metz under the direction of Léon Clément le Fort (1829-1893). After the war he returned to his medical studies in Paris and was assistant under Noël-Francois-Odon Guéneau de Mussy (1813-1885), Odilon Marc Lannelongue (1840-1911), and Jean A. E. Bouchut (1818-1891). His thesis, A study on the optic nerve in meningitis of infants, attracted Charcot’s attention and he became his collaborator at the Salpêtrière.
Parinaud subsequently was for two years Chef de clinique under Xavier Galezowski, and later founded his own ambulatorium.
Parinaud was a founder of French ophthalmology, and although troubled throughout his life with ill health, he published extensively, especially in the general areas of stereoscopic vision and the projection of visual input in the cerebral cortex. He made many contributions on the control of eye movements and throughout his life published on various aspects of strabismus. He also wrote a number of musical works under the pseudonym of Pierre Erick. He developed bronchopneumonia and died a few weeks later.
Bibliography:
A bibliography is in Annales d’Oculistique, Paris, 1905, 133: 334.
Conjunctivite lacrymale à pneumocoques des nouveau-nés.
Annales d’Oculistique, Paris, 1894, 112, 369-373.
La vision. Paris, 1898.
Le strabisme et son traitement. Paris, 1899.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 mins (2005-01-05 09:43:03 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
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Parinaud’s syndrome
Contents of this page:
Illustrations
Alternative names
Definition
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Symptoms
Signs and tests
Treatment
Expectations (prognosis)
Complications
Calling your health care provider
Prevention
Illustrations
Swollen lymph node
Alternative names Return to top
Oculoglandular syndrome
Definition Return to top
Parinaud\'s syndrome is an eye problem similar to conjunctivitis (\"pink eye\") which usually affects only one eye and is accompanied by nearby swollen lymph nodes and an illness with a fever.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top
Many different infections can cause Parinaud\'s syndrome, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.
The most common causes are tularemia (rabbit fever) and cat-scratch fever. Tularemia can infect the eye either by direct inoculation of the bacteria into the eye (by a finger or other object) or via aerosolization of the bacteria into the air, which then land on the eye. Other infectious diseases can spread both by these mechanisms and also through the bloodstream to the eye.
Symptoms Return to top
The eye is often red, irritated and painful, with an increased amount of tears, similar to conjunctivitis. There may be a swelling of the lymph glands nearby, often in front of the ear. A fever and generalized illness may be present.
Signs and tests Return to top
An examination shows a red, tender, inflamed eye with possible ulcers in the cornea (surface). Tender lymph nodes may be present, in front of the ear. These lymph nodes can fester, depending on the cause of the infection. A fever and other signs of generalized illness may also be found.
The white blood cell count may be high or low, depending on the cause of the infection. For many of the infections that cause Parinaud\'s syndrome, blood tests to check antibody levels are the main methods used to make a diagnosis. Sometimes, culture of the eye, lymph node, or blood or biopsy of the lymph node can be helpful.
Treatment Return to top
Depending on the cause of the infection, antibiotics may be helpful. Surgery may be necessary to clean away the infected tissues.
Expectations (prognosis) Return to top
The outlook depends on the cause of the underlying infection. In general, if the diagnosis is made early and prompt treatment is begun, the outcome of Parinaud\'s syndrome can be very good.
Complications Return to top
It is possible for the infection to spread into nearby tissues or into the bloodstream.
Eye complications resulting in blindness can occur.
Calling your health care provider Return to top
You should call your health care provider if you develop a red, irritated, painful eye.
Prevention Return to top
Frequent hand washing can reduce the likelihood of acquiring Parinaud\'s syndrome. Specifically, tularemia can be avoided by not having contact with wild rabbits, squirrels, or ticks.
Cat scratch disease is usually a self-limited, acute illness associated with enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, headache, and decreased appetite. It is more likely to be transmitted by kittens than by older cats.
Update Date: 7/16/2004
Updated by: Daniel Levy, M.D., Ph.D., Infectious Diseases, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC\'s accreditation program is the first of its kind, requiring compliance with 53 standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audit. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.\'s editorial process. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics (www.hiethics.com) and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).
The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2002 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
Home | Health Topics | Drug Information | Encyclopedia | Dictionary | News | Directories | Other Resources
Copyright | Privacy | Accessibility | Selection Guidelines
U.S. National Library of Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894
National Institutes of Health | Department of Health & Human Services
Page last updated: 28 October 2004
Associated eponyms:
Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome
Syndrome of conjunctivitis, retrotarsal conjunctival granulations, regional preauricular and cervical lymphadenitis, and fever.
Parinaud-Koerber-Salus-Elschnig syndrome
This dorsal midbrain syndrome is a supranuclear palsy of vertical conjugate movement, most often upwards, caused by lesions of the aqueduct of Sylvius.
Biography:
Henri Parinaud was the son of a locksmith. He commenced his studies of medicine at Limoges, and came to Paris in 1869. His studies were interrupted by the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war, when he worked with the Red Cross ambulances at Metz under the direction of Léon Clément le Fort (1829-1893). After the war he returned to his medical studies in Paris and was assistant under Noël-Francois-Odon Guéneau de Mussy (1813-1885), Odilon Marc Lannelongue (1840-1911), and Jean A. E. Bouchut (1818-1891). His thesis, A study on the optic nerve in meningitis of infants, attracted Charcot’s attention and he became his collaborator at the Salpêtrière.
Parinaud subsequently was for two years Chef de clinique under Xavier Galezowski, and later founded his own ambulatorium.
Parinaud was a founder of French ophthalmology, and although troubled throughout his life with ill health, he published extensively, especially in the general areas of stereoscopic vision and the projection of visual input in the cerebral cortex. He made many contributions on the control of eye movements and throughout his life published on various aspects of strabismus. He also wrote a number of musical works under the pseudonym of Pierre Erick. He developed bronchopneumonia and died a few weeks later.
Bibliography:
A bibliography is in Annales d’Oculistique, Paris, 1905, 133: 334.
Conjunctivite lacrymale à pneumocoques des nouveau-nés.
Annales d’Oculistique, Paris, 1894, 112, 369-373.
La vision. Paris, 1898.
Le strabisme et son traitement. Paris, 1899.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 6 mins (2005-01-05 09:43:03 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Skip navigation
Medical Encyclopedia
Other encyclopedia topics:
A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk Bl-Bz C-Cg Ch-Co Cp-Cz D-Di Dj-Dz E-Ep Eq-Ez F G H-Hf Hg-Hz I-In Io-Iz J K L-Ln Lo-Lz M-Mf Mg-Mz N O P-Pl Pm-Pz Q R S-Sh Si-Sp Sq-Sz T-Tn To-Tz U V W X Y Z 0-9
Parinaud’s syndrome
Contents of this page:
Illustrations
Alternative names
Definition
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Symptoms
Signs and tests
Treatment
Expectations (prognosis)
Complications
Calling your health care provider
Prevention
Illustrations
Swollen lymph node
Alternative names Return to top
Oculoglandular syndrome
Definition Return to top
Parinaud\'s syndrome is an eye problem similar to conjunctivitis (\"pink eye\") which usually affects only one eye and is accompanied by nearby swollen lymph nodes and an illness with a fever.
Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top
Many different infections can cause Parinaud\'s syndrome, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.
The most common causes are tularemia (rabbit fever) and cat-scratch fever. Tularemia can infect the eye either by direct inoculation of the bacteria into the eye (by a finger or other object) or via aerosolization of the bacteria into the air, which then land on the eye. Other infectious diseases can spread both by these mechanisms and also through the bloodstream to the eye.
Symptoms Return to top
The eye is often red, irritated and painful, with an increased amount of tears, similar to conjunctivitis. There may be a swelling of the lymph glands nearby, often in front of the ear. A fever and generalized illness may be present.
Signs and tests Return to top
An examination shows a red, tender, inflamed eye with possible ulcers in the cornea (surface). Tender lymph nodes may be present, in front of the ear. These lymph nodes can fester, depending on the cause of the infection. A fever and other signs of generalized illness may also be found.
The white blood cell count may be high or low, depending on the cause of the infection. For many of the infections that cause Parinaud\'s syndrome, blood tests to check antibody levels are the main methods used to make a diagnosis. Sometimes, culture of the eye, lymph node, or blood or biopsy of the lymph node can be helpful.
Treatment Return to top
Depending on the cause of the infection, antibiotics may be helpful. Surgery may be necessary to clean away the infected tissues.
Expectations (prognosis) Return to top
The outlook depends on the cause of the underlying infection. In general, if the diagnosis is made early and prompt treatment is begun, the outcome of Parinaud\'s syndrome can be very good.
Complications Return to top
It is possible for the infection to spread into nearby tissues or into the bloodstream.
Eye complications resulting in blindness can occur.
Calling your health care provider Return to top
You should call your health care provider if you develop a red, irritated, painful eye.
Prevention Return to top
Frequent hand washing can reduce the likelihood of acquiring Parinaud\'s syndrome. Specifically, tularemia can be avoided by not having contact with wild rabbits, squirrels, or ticks.
Cat scratch disease is usually a self-limited, acute illness associated with enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, headache, and decreased appetite. It is more likely to be transmitted by kittens than by older cats.
Update Date: 7/16/2004
Updated by: Daniel Levy, M.D., Ph.D., Infectious Diseases, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC\'s accreditation program is the first of its kind, requiring compliance with 53 standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audit. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.\'s editorial process. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics (www.hiethics.com) and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).
The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2002 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.
Home | Health Topics | Drug Information | Encyclopedia | Dictionary | News | Directories | Other Resources
Copyright | Privacy | Accessibility | Selection Guidelines
U.S. National Library of Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894
National Institutes of Health | Department of Health & Human Services
Page last updated: 28 October 2004
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