Arraignment judge would be the closest natural equivalent in the US -- a judge similar to a magistrate, but who will bind it over to another judge (although he could bind it over to himself if the case is of the nature that he handles in his part). You could also use "magistrate judge," but I prefer to reserve that term for juez de paz because both of these would hear the same case at trial if it is less-serious. A juez de control will not hear the case at trial, only during the preliminary stages: hears bail applicatitons, informs defendant of his rights and charges against him. (I believe, from the context, that this comes from one of the Mexican states. So I'm not sure what the juez de control is in charge of there, but I am writing from what I know about the new criminal procedure reforms that are taking hold in Latin America.)

If you want to go with a term that is more descriptive, you can use due process judge.

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Note added at 38 mins (2012-01-18 14:37:01 GMT)
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Actually, arraignment judge is pretty descriptive so it would be better to say that due process judge is descriptive and more neutral since there is no such thing in the US.

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Note added at 381 days (2013-02-02 15:43:21 GMT) Post-grading
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I have edited the glossary entry from arraignment judge / due process judge to the following: magistrate judge / arraignment judge.

The reason I have done this is because about fifty percent of the states are based on the federal rules of criminal procedure, which establish an "initial appearance" and a "magistrate." In a few states, the first appearance by a defendant is not called an initial appearance, but an "arraignment" instead, where a judge sits at arraignments, not a magistrate. Therefore, since I believe that a magistrate would be the term used in most states, I have placed magistrate judge as a first option (in Latin America the "juez de control" is a judge where in the US the person may only be a lawyer or a judicial officer) and arraignment judge as a second option. Nonetheless, if the translator may opt to include a more literal translation, s/he may go with due-process judge. Keep in mind, though, that I really don't see a need to go with a literal translation since the natural equivalents are close enough, therefore satisfying Nida's principle of the "closest natural equivalent."

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Note added at 381 days (2013-02-02 15:48:42 GMT) Post-grading
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Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure

RULE 5. INITIAL APPEARANCE (DEC. 1, 2012)
(a) In General.
(1) Appearance Upon an Arrest.
(A) A person making an arrest within the United States must take the defendant without unnecessary delay before a magistrate judge, or before a state or local judicial officer as Rule 5(c) provides, unless a statute provides otherwise.
(B) A person making an arrest outside the United States must take the defendant without unnecessary delay before a magistrate judge, unless a statute provides otherwise.

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Note added at 381 days (2013-02-02 15:53:49 GMT) Post-grading
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Código Orgánico Procesal Penal de Venezuela

Artículo 127. Oportunidades. El imputado declarará durante la investigación ante el funcionario del Ministerio Público encargado de ella, cuando comparezca espontáneamente y así lo pida, o cuando sea citado por el Ministerio Público.

Si el imputado ha sido aprehendido, se notificará inmediatamente al juez de control para que declare ante él, a más tardar en el plazo de doce horas a contar desde su aprehensión; este plazo se prorrogará por otro tanto, cuando el imputado lo solicite para nombrar defensor.