Glossary entry (derived from question below)
French term or phrase:
protéger (lame d'air / caténaire)
English translation:
protect (overhead line air gap)
Added to glossary by
Johannes Gleim
Jan 11, 2013 09:20
12 yrs ago
1 viewer *
French term
France
Bilingual scientist English French
Native in: English 
Works in: English to French, French to English, English
protéger (here)
French to English
Tech/Engineering
Electronics / Elect Eng
Railway signaling contract
Can you please confirm, improve or correct my interpretation?
Les signaux des gares doivent **protéger** les lames d’air caténaire
Station signals must not impinge upon catenary air gaps
Les signaux des gares doivent **protéger** les lames d’air caténaire
Station signals must not impinge upon catenary air gaps
Proposed translations
(English)
| 5 +1 | protect |
Johannes Gleim
|
| 5 -1 | be covered/confined against |
Salih YILDIRIM
|
| 2 | take into consideration/make allowance for |
Marie-Helene Dubois
|
Change log
Jan 12, 2013 17:57: Johannes Gleim changed "Edited KOG entry" from "<a href="/profile/988385">claude-andrew's</a> old entry - "protéger (lame d\'air / caténaire)"" to ""protect (overhead line air gap)""
Proposed translations
+1
7 hrs
Johannes Gleim
Specializes in field
40 years Engineer, 20 years translations
Native in: German
Works in: English to German, German to English, French to German, and 6 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
165
Selected
protect
Area Electric traction / Electricity supply system
IEV ref 811-36-14
en insulated overlap
a sectioning point formed by overlapping the ends of adjacent sections of contact line, allowing parallel running, insulation being provided by a suitable air gap between the two sets of equipment
fr sectionnement à lame d'air
point de sectionnement réalisé en disposant côte à côte, sur une certaine longueur et à une distance suffisante pour assurer leur isolation, les deux extrémités des caténaires de part et d'autre de l'axe de sectionnement
de Streckentrennung, f
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
Area Signalling and security apparatus for railways / Signals
IEV ref 821-02-112
en protection signal
a special signal indicating to a driver that the section of line ahead is not to be entered
fr signal de protection
signal spécial indiquant au mécanicien qu'il ne doit pas pénétrer dans la section de ligne située en aval
de Schutzsignal, n
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
From y activities as railway engineer and planner (overhead lines and signaling) for 10 years I remember that the insulated overlaps must be protected by corresponding signals to prevent the motor vehicle to run over such overlaps with raised pantographs.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 hrs (2013-01-11 21:30:49 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Autre terminologie :
1611 chevauchement m, overlap m - längere Schutzstrecke f hinter dem haltzeigenden Signal; erweiterter Durchrutschweg m - overlap
:
7926 sectionnement m (ligne de contact) - Streckentrennung f (Fahrleitung) - sectioning (contact line)
7927 sectionnement m à lame d'air (ligne de contact) - Lufttrennung f; Steckentrennung f (Fahrleitung) - air gap overlap span (contact line)
:
8219 signal m de protection (d'une zone dangereuse) - Deckungssignal n (vor einer gefählichen Zone, einem Gefahrpunkt) - protective signal
(UIC, Lexique général des termes ferroviares)
An overlap in railway signalling is the length of track beyond a stop signal that is proved to be clear of vehicles in the controls of the previous signal, as a safety margin.
:
Overview
Enough braking distance is provided to allow a train to comfortably stop at the stop signal, but should it fail to do so for any reason (fog, smoke, slippery rails, brake failure, inattention by driver, etc.) there is still some distance to allow the train to stop short of any obstruction, such as another train.
Length
The length of an overlap may be a nominal length, or else calculated on the full emergency braking distance for the gradients and speeds for that particular section of line.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlap_(railway_signalling)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 hrs (2013-01-11 21:56:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Suite de vocabulaire UIC ...
8189 signal m "fin de catenaire"; diabolo (obs.) - Signal n "Halt für Fahrzeuge mit angelegtem Stromabnehmer" - "end of overhead" indication
8190 signal m de fin de parcours (après signal "Baissez panto") - "Bügel-an"-Signal n; Signa n "Stromabnehmer heben" - "Lower pantographs" final warning sign
8191 signal m de fin de parcours (après signal "Coupez courant") - Enschaltsignal n - "Shut off power" final indication board
Voir des signaux spécifiques à Wikipedia (malheureusement ne qu'en allemand):
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrleitungssignal
Nota: Le positionnement des autres signaux (de sortie, par ex.) doivent prendre en compte aussi le chevauchement jusqu'au point de danger (section neutre [neutral section], par ex.).
IEV ref 811-36-14
en insulated overlap
a sectioning point formed by overlapping the ends of adjacent sections of contact line, allowing parallel running, insulation being provided by a suitable air gap between the two sets of equipment
fr sectionnement à lame d'air
point de sectionnement réalisé en disposant côte à côte, sur une certaine longueur et à une distance suffisante pour assurer leur isolation, les deux extrémités des caténaires de part et d'autre de l'axe de sectionnement
de Streckentrennung, f
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
Area Signalling and security apparatus for railways / Signals
IEV ref 821-02-112
en protection signal
a special signal indicating to a driver that the section of line ahead is not to be entered
fr signal de protection
signal spécial indiquant au mécanicien qu'il ne doit pas pénétrer dans la section de ligne située en aval
de Schutzsignal, n
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
From y activities as railway engineer and planner (overhead lines and signaling) for 10 years I remember that the insulated overlaps must be protected by corresponding signals to prevent the motor vehicle to run over such overlaps with raised pantographs.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 hrs (2013-01-11 21:30:49 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Autre terminologie :
1611 chevauchement m, overlap m - längere Schutzstrecke f hinter dem haltzeigenden Signal; erweiterter Durchrutschweg m - overlap
:
7926 sectionnement m (ligne de contact) - Streckentrennung f (Fahrleitung) - sectioning (contact line)
7927 sectionnement m à lame d'air (ligne de contact) - Lufttrennung f; Steckentrennung f (Fahrleitung) - air gap overlap span (contact line)
:
8219 signal m de protection (d'une zone dangereuse) - Deckungssignal n (vor einer gefählichen Zone, einem Gefahrpunkt) - protective signal
(UIC, Lexique général des termes ferroviares)
An overlap in railway signalling is the length of track beyond a stop signal that is proved to be clear of vehicles in the controls of the previous signal, as a safety margin.
:
Overview
Enough braking distance is provided to allow a train to comfortably stop at the stop signal, but should it fail to do so for any reason (fog, smoke, slippery rails, brake failure, inattention by driver, etc.) there is still some distance to allow the train to stop short of any obstruction, such as another train.
Length
The length of an overlap may be a nominal length, or else calculated on the full emergency braking distance for the gradients and speeds for that particular section of line.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlap_(railway_signalling)
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 hrs (2013-01-11 21:56:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Suite de vocabulaire UIC ...
8189 signal m "fin de catenaire"; diabolo (obs.) - Signal n "Halt für Fahrzeuge mit angelegtem Stromabnehmer" - "end of overhead" indication
8190 signal m de fin de parcours (après signal "Baissez panto") - "Bügel-an"-Signal n; Signa n "Stromabnehmer heben" - "Lower pantographs" final warning sign
8191 signal m de fin de parcours (après signal "Coupez courant") - Enschaltsignal n - "Shut off power" final indication board
Voir des signaux spécifiques à Wikipedia (malheureusement ne qu'en allemand):
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrleitungssignal
Nota: Le positionnement des autres signaux (de sortie, par ex.) doivent prendre en compte aussi le chevauchement jusqu'au point de danger (section neutre [neutral section], par ex.).
Note from asker:
| Thank you Johannes - for your experience-backed information |
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
GILLES MEUNIER
: or secure ?
20 hrs
|
|
Les signaux protégent (terminologie ferroviaire)
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thanks again Johannes"
3 hrs
Marie-Helene Dubois
Spain
Spain
Native in English
Specializes in field
Spain
Word class
Native in: English
Works in: Spanish to English, Dutch to English, French to English, and 1 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
20
take into consideration/make allowance for
Hi Claude-Andrew,
Like you, I don't think that the phrase means 'protect' but I'm still not 100% sure that I've understood it correctly so I understand your query.
Does the sentence before and/or after give any clues? Presumably it is the placement of signals that has to make allowance for/take into consideration air gaps in the catenary?
If you don't mind turning a positive into a negative, I would prefer 'encroach' to 'impinge' but that would be a style choice rather than anything else.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2013-01-11 13:45:44 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
I think air gaps simply provide electrical isolation as a safety measure... http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Documentation/catenary...
High-Voltage Measurements and Isolation - National Instrumentswww.ni.com/white-paper/3410/enCached
You +1'd this publicly. Undo
26 Jul 2012 – This can be in the form of insulation, an air gap, or any non-conductive path between two electrical systems. With pure physical isolation ...
Physics: high voltage electric shock, air gap, overhead distributionen.allexperts.com › Science › Physics › PhysicsCached - Similar
You +1'd this publicly. Undo
11 Dec 2007 – air gap, overhead distribution, electrical shock: Hello Anindya Banerji, Air is good insulation. If there is an air gap (of more than a few ...
Like you, I don't think that the phrase means 'protect' but I'm still not 100% sure that I've understood it correctly so I understand your query.
Does the sentence before and/or after give any clues? Presumably it is the placement of signals that has to make allowance for/take into consideration air gaps in the catenary?
If you don't mind turning a positive into a negative, I would prefer 'encroach' to 'impinge' but that would be a style choice rather than anything else.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 4 hrs (2013-01-11 13:45:44 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
I think air gaps simply provide electrical isolation as a safety measure... http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Documentation/catenary...
High-Voltage Measurements and Isolation - National Instrumentswww.ni.com/white-paper/3410/enCached
You +1'd this publicly. Undo
26 Jul 2012 – This can be in the form of insulation, an air gap, or any non-conductive path between two electrical systems. With pure physical isolation ...
Physics: high voltage electric shock, air gap, overhead distributionen.allexperts.com › Science › Physics › PhysicsCached - Similar
You +1'd this publicly. Undo
11 Dec 2007 – air gap, overhead distribution, electrical shock: Hello Anindya Banerji, Air is good insulation. If there is an air gap (of more than a few ...
Note from asker:
| No, I'm afraid it's one of those isolated sentences. An orphan. Anyway, it's now clear from searching around that the "lame d'air" isolates sections of the overhead line, presumably for signaling purposes since I gather that signaling information is sent down the overhead line. |
-1
6 hrs
Salih YILDIRIM
United States
United States
United States
Meticulous, scrupulous, curious work!
Native in: Turkish (Variant: Standard-İstanbul ) 
Works in: Turkish to English, English to Turkish, French to Turkish, and 1 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
5
be covered/confined against
Here is history of protéger reagarding its adoption as "Protect" to English language:
p-ro-tect
Etymology: [ pr&-tekt ] (transitive verb.) 15th century. Attested in English since 1530, from Latin protectus "covered, protected", past participle of protegere "to cover the front, protect" from pro- + tegere "to cover". More at thatch. Displaced native Middle English helien, forhelian "to conceal, protect" (from Old English helian, forhelian "to conceal, cover, hide"), Middle English bischilden, beschielden "to protect" (from Middle English schild, shelde "shield"), Middle English berwen, bergen "to protect, preserve" (from Old English beorgan "to protect, preserve"), Middle English mundien, mounden "to protect" (from Old English mundian "to protect, watch over, act as guardian over").
Synonyms: assure, bulwark, care for, champion, chaperon, conserve, cover, cover all bases, cover up, cushion, defend, fend, foster, give refuge, give sanctuary, go to bat for, harbor, hedge, insulate
Antonyms: attack, harm, hurt, injure
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 9 hrs (2013-01-11 19:02:13 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Check this link as well, Dear Andreww.
http://www.kth.se/en/ees/omskolan/organisation/avdelningar/e...
p-ro-tect
Etymology: [ pr&-tekt ] (transitive verb.) 15th century. Attested in English since 1530, from Latin protectus "covered, protected", past participle of protegere "to cover the front, protect" from pro- + tegere "to cover". More at thatch. Displaced native Middle English helien, forhelian "to conceal, protect" (from Old English helian, forhelian "to conceal, cover, hide"), Middle English bischilden, beschielden "to protect" (from Middle English schild, shelde "shield"), Middle English berwen, bergen "to protect, preserve" (from Old English beorgan "to protect, preserve"), Middle English mundien, mounden "to protect" (from Old English mundian "to protect, watch over, act as guardian over").
Synonyms: assure, bulwark, care for, champion, chaperon, conserve, cover, cover all bases, cover up, cushion, defend, fend, foster, give refuge, give sanctuary, go to bat for, harbor, hedge, insulate
Antonyms: attack, harm, hurt, injure
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 9 hrs (2013-01-11 19:02:13 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Check this link as well, Dear Andreww.
http://www.kth.se/en/ees/omskolan/organisation/avdelningar/e...
Discussion
"Ce sont des signaux de protection catenaires qui sont situés généralement de part et d'autres des gares qui autorise ou non le passage d'un train si la caténaire est alimentée ou non alimentée. Effectivement 2 tronçons de caténaires sont séparées par un sectionnement à lames d'air qui permet de couper le courant d'une partie de caténaires entre 2 sectionnements pour effectuer la maintenance."
So yes, it's protect.
You know what PK is ?
http://www.railroad.net/forums/viewtopic.php?f=61&t=23511
L’entrepreneur
Fournit les PK des différentes sous stations
Etudie le positionnement des liaisons transversales.
Prend en compte la situation des Sous Stations, des sectionneurs et des **lames d’air**.
Etudie, commande et installe, suivant les spécifications techniques, les descentes des liaisons transversales depuis le fil de garde jusqu’aux borniers de raccordement inclus (situé au pied du mât caténaire)
Réalise les réservations en janolène (diam 80 intérieur) dans le massif béton du support caténaire.
Etudie, fournit et réalise le raccordement depuis le bornier jusqu’au CdTE ou prise de terre.
Etudie et réalise le raccordement des installations au fil de garde.
Etudie et réalise les liaisons transversales sur les portiques rigides.
Etudie, fournit et pose les DPPO et/ou ID dans des coffrets sur le poteau caténaire afin d’éviter les actes de vandalisme.
Etudie, fournit et réalise les raccordements des différentes liaisons au sol entre la voie, les connexions inductives, les DDPO, ID, et le bornier de raccordement
I don't like the use of 'catenary' really in the sense that, caténaire in French refers to the whole OHL system, whereas catenary in English is just part of the system.
Some of the more sophisticated systems in use today now link the traction current status to the signalling so that a train will not be allowed to proceed onto a dead section.
Taken from (see Gaps section): http://www.railway-technical.com/etracp.shtml